Iran's Internal Power Struggle: Talks vs. Escalation

Sep 14, 2026

60 min

Sep 14, 2026 09:30

Talks vs escalation: How Iran’s internal power struggle is shaping the war

## Divisions in Tehran

Iran is experiencing a significant internal power struggle, with President Masoud Pezeshkian advocating for dialogue with the United States, while hardliners push for military escalation. This division became evident following an unexpected attack on commercial vessels in the Strait of Hormuz, which Pezeshkian and top military officials were reportedly unaware of.

## Leadership Uncertainty

The situation is further complicated by the mysterious absence of Iran's new supreme leader, Ayatollah Mojtaba Khamenei, who has not been seen publicly since March. His lack of visibility has led to speculation about his role and influence in the ongoing conflict.

## Competing Strategies

Within Iran's leadership, there is a fundamental disagreement on how to handle relations with the US. Some leaders, including Pezeshkian, favor returning to negotiations, while others support a strategy of increased military action. This latter approach involves targeting US interests and regional oil infrastructure to pressure Washington into lifting a naval blockade.

## Hardliners Gain Ground

Recently, hardliners appear to have gained the upper hand, as evidenced by intensified military exchanges between Iran and the US. This shift raises questions about the future direction of Iran's foreign policy and whether diplomacy or confrontation will prevail.

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