Iran-Backed Militias in Iraq: A Growing Threat to Gulf Stability

May 19, 2026

88 min

May 19, 2026 15:30

Inside Iraq’s Iran-backed militias: Tehran’s terror tools behind Barakah attack

## Rising Threat from Iran-Backed Militias

The recent drone attack on the UAE's Barakah Nuclear Power Plant has highlighted the increasing threat posed by Iran-backed militias in Iraq. These groups, operating under the Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF), have been accused of launching drones from Iraqi territory, raising concerns about regional security.

## Gulf States on Alert

Saudi Arabia recently intercepted three drones entering its airspace from Iraq, prompting the kingdom to vow necessary measures to protect its sovereignty. Despite a ceasefire in the ongoing Iran conflict, drone attacks from Iraq continue to target Gulf nations, including Saudi Arabia and Kuwait.

## Evolution of Militias

Originally formed to combat ISIS in 2014, these militias have evolved into powerful factions aligned with Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). They now possess advanced weaponry, including drones and missiles, making them crucial tools for Iran's influence in the Middle East.

## Key Militia Groups

Prominent Iran-backed militias in Iraq include Kataib Hezbollah, Asaib Ahl Al Haq, Harakat Hezbollah Al Nujaba, and the Badr Organization. These groups have been linked to numerous attacks on US and Gulf interests, and they openly align with Iran's "Axis of Resistance."

## Expanding Threat

The threat from these militias is not confined to the region. US authorities recently charged an Iraqi national with planning attacks in the US and Europe, highlighting the transnational reach of these groups. Despite being part of Iraq's security structure, many militias maintain independent ties with Iran's Quds Force.

## Regional Implications

The Barakah attack underscores the potential for Iraq to become a launchpad for Iran's shadow war against the US and its allies. Security experts warn that such attacks could mark a new phase in the conflict, with Iran-backed militias increasingly targeting strategic Gulf infrastructure.

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